Biochemical and hormonal changes associated with root growth restriction under cadmium stress during maize (Zea mays L.) pre-emergence

Cadmium (Cd) pollution of agricultural soils is a growing global concern. Plant growth restriction the main visible symptom Cd toxicity, and this metal may be particularly harmful to preformed, seminal root during pre-emergence stage. In present study, we focused on phytotoxicity in growth, nutrient composition, redox status, hormone homeostasis stage maize (Zea mays L) plants, distinguishing between apex remaining tissue. After 72 h exposure (50 100 µM CdCl2), length biomass, as well Ca, Fe, Mg, Mn contents, were diminished. A imbalance was evidenced by changes peroxidase activities ascorbate–dehydroascorbate ratio decreased both parts. There fewer carbonylated proteins fractions after 50 Cd, compared which related increased 20S proteasome activities. incremented ABA, IAA, SA but drastically reduced biologically active gibberellin GA4 conjugate jasmonoyl-isoleucine (JA-Ile). We demonstrated that whole tissue involved response stress, entails hormonal rearrangements, probably directed widen plant defense lines at expense growth.